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Interpreting the Evidence

Pass Written by Benedict Arnold for John Andre, September 22, 1780

  • Documents in this Activity:
  • Historical Eras:

    Revolution and New Nation (1754 - 1820s)

  • Thinking Skill:

    Historical Analysis & Interpretation

  • Grade Level:

    Lower Elementary
    Upper Elementary
    Middle School
    High School
    College University

  • Topics:

    American Revolution

  • Primary Source Types:

    Written Document

  • Regions:

    Mid Hudson
    New York State
    United States

  • Creator:

    NYS Archives Partnership Trust Education Team

  1. Load Pass Written by Benedict Arnold for John Andre, September 22, 1780 in Main Image Viewer
  2. Load Pass Written by Benedict Arnold for John Andre, September 22, 1780 in Main Image Viewer

Suggested Teaching Instructions

Document Description
Pass allowing "John Anderson" to move freely through the American lines. Signed by Major General Benedict Arnold, September 22, 1780.
Historical Context
In 1780, near the present day Tappan Zee Bridge, a major spy drama unfolded, changing the course of the American Revolution. General Benedict Arnold secretly attempted to help the British capture the fort at West Point. He had grown resentful of the American Army for not rewarding him for his many military victories. On the night of September 21, Arnold gave British Major John Andre documents detailing the fortifications and troop strengths at West Point. As Andre headed towards the British lines with the documents tucked in his boot, he was captured near Tarrytown on September 23. If he had reached the British command in New York City with the information that Arnold had given him, the British would likely have taken the fort at West Point. West Point was crucial to controlling the Hudson River. A British capture could have changed the outcome of the entire war.
Thirty year old Andre was hanged as a spy on October 2, 1780. Benedict Arnold escaped to New York City, eventually commanding British troops for the remainder of the war. He died in London in 1801.
 
Essential Question
Who was Benedict Arnold and what role did he play in the Revolutionary War?
 
Check for Understanding
Students will answer the questions using the text and their knowledge of the war.
Interdisciplinary Connections
Art- Create a picture of Andre, with the documents given him by Benedict Arnold, being caught by militiamen as John Anderson.