Responses to the Holocaust

During the Holocaust, acts of rescue and resistance emerged as powerful responses to Nazi persecution. Despite the immense danger, some individuals and groups risked their lives to save Jews and others from deportation and death. Rescuers, including members of underground networks, religious communities, diplomats, and ordinary citizens, provided hiding places, forged documents, and escape routes. Resistance also took many forms, from armed uprisings in ghettos and camps—such as the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising—to sabotage operations and the spread of underground newspapers.   Even in Nazi Germany, individuals and groups protested policies and actions. These courageous efforts, though often limited in scope, demonstrated profound bravery and humanity in the face of systematic genocide.   This section includes readings with questions, activities, and case studies.