Sources
African Americans in Nazi Germany. (n.d.). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/african-americans-in-nazi-germany
Article providing an overview of the involvement of African American soldiers in WWII and as liberators. Includes a short video and photograph of Leon Bass, as well as a brief summary of Bass’s contributions.
Allach Liberation. (1945, April). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn1004600#rights-restrictions
Film reel containing various shots of the liberation of Allach, a subcamp of Dachau.
At Attention. (1944, November 12). U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://www.defense.gov/Multimedia/Photos/igphoto/2002109638/
Photograph of The Color Guard of the Army's 442nd Regimental Combat Team.
Blau, Sidney. Survivors in Allach, a Sub-camp of Dachau, Greet Arriving U.S. Troops. (1945, April 30). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa27167
Photograph of survivors in Allach, a sub-camp of Dachau, greeting U.S. troops.
Buchenwald Liberation by Harry Herder. (n.d.). Remember.org. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://remember.org/witness/buchenwald-liberation#Lib
Account of Harry Herder who participated in the liberation of Buchenwald.
Dachau and Liberation – Personal account by Felix L. Sparks Brigadier General, US (Retired). (n.d.). Remember.org. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://remember.org/witness/sparks2
Excerpts from the account of General Sparks who participated in the liberation of Dachau.
Forney, Ralph. Sick Survivors are Evacuated from the Woebbelin Concentration Camp to an American Field Hospital Where They Will Receive Medical Attention. (1945, May 4). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa8938
Photograph of survivors being rescued.
GIs Remember - Albert Schwartz – Nordhausen. (n.d.). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved February 15, 2025, from URL https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/gis-remember-albert-schwartz-nordhausen
Account of Albert Schwartz who participated in the liberation of Nordhausen.
GIs Remember - Ernest Greenblatt. (n.d.). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/gis-remember-ernest-greenblatt
Account of Ernest Greenblatt who aided survivors in Mecklenburg.
GIs Remember - Kalman Zitwer. (n.d.). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/gis-remember-kalman-zitwer
Account of Kalman Zitwer who participated in the liberation of Mauthausen.
Gunskirchen Lager Pamphlet - The Americans Have Come At Last. (n.d.). Remember.org. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://remember.org/section1.html
Account of Captain J.D. Pletcher who participated in the liberation of Gunskirchen.
Holocaust Liberator Charles Ferree | Jewish-American Heritage Month | USC Shoah Foundation. (2023, May 29). YouTube. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMKrEY8Dp6g
Four-hour video interview of liberator Charles Ferree.
“I Saw The Walking Dead”: A Black Sergeant Remembers Buchenwald. (n.d.). History Matters. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/142/
Four-minute audio clip and transcript from an interview with Leon Bass.
Lengel, E. (2020, July 17). The Black Panthers Drive into Germany: The 761st Tank Battalion, 1945. The National WWII Museum. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/black-panthers-germany-1945
Article providing a descriptive overview, as well as photographs of the contributions of the 761st Tank Battalion.
Liberating the Concentration Camps GIs Remember Table of Contents. (n.d.). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/liberating-the-concentration-camps-gis-remember-table-of-contents#google_vignette
List containing links to numerous accounts of various liberators, including all those cited in this work under “GIs Remember.”
Liberators: My Holocaust Experiences by Charles V. Ferree. (n.d.). Remember.org. Retrieved February 15, 2025, from URL https://remember.org/witness/chuckf
Account of Charles Ferree, lieutenant in the 9th Airforce who participated in the liberation of Bergen-Belsen, Buchenwald, Dachau, and Mauthausen.
Oral History with Leon Bass. (1988, March 16). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://perspectives.ushmm.org/item/oral-history-with-leon-bass
Link to 18-minute video interview of Leon Bass with text summary.
The Liberators. (n.d.) JewishGen. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://www.jewishgen.org/forgottencamps/witnesses/liberatorseng.html
The website serves as the Genealogical Research Division of the Museum of Jewish Heritage and contains links to a series of primary source accounts of Holocaust Liberators.
Military Photographer William Scott. (1943, March). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/photo/military-photographer-william-scott
Photograph of William Scott in uniform.
Rudolph, Hana. (2021, April 28). The Japanese Americans Who Helped Liberate Dachau Knew the Shared History of Anti-Jewish and Anti-Asian Hate. Jewish Telegraphic Agency. https://www.jta.org/2021/04/28/ideas/japanese-americans-helped-liberate-dachau-they-deserve-our-support-in-the-fight-against-hate
Article highlighting the involvement of the 522nd Field Artillery Battalion in the liberation of Dachau. Contains an excerpt of Ichiro Imamura’s account.
Scott, W.A. (n.d.). Liberation of Buchenwald. Georgia Journeys. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
https://georgiajourneys.kennesaw.edu/items/show/341
Contains excerpts of William Scott’s account of his involvement in the liberation of Buchenwald.
Unlikely Liberators. https://www.japaneseamericanpatriotism.com/unlikely-liberators-exhibit
United We Stand: Black Soldiers Liberating Hitler’s Camps/Jewish Activists in Civil Rights Movement. (2022, May 16). International March of the Living. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://www.motl.org/united-we-stand-black-soldiers-liberating-hitlers-camps-jewish-activists-in-civil-rights-movement/
Video containing clips from interviews of William McBurney, Preston McNeil, and Leonard Smith.
Women and Children Survivors in Mauthausen Speak to an American Liberator Through a Barbed Wire Fence. (1945, May 5-7). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/pa12980
Photograph of survivors speaking to an American liberator.
WWII Veteran & Concentration Camp Liberator | Leon Bass | Black History Month | USC Shoah Foundation. (2023, February 9). YouTube. Retrieved February 15, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQIXfBt4gN4
Two-hour video interview of liberator Leon Bass.